فصلنامه خانواده پژوهی
پیاپی 2 (تابستان 1384)

This is a correlational study which investigates the relationship between marital satisfaction and each of the three types of couple communication patterns i.e. mutual constructive communication, demand/withdrawal communication, and mutual avoidance communication. Statistical population includes all married cohabiting employees of Isfahan university. The sample consists of 40 couples who were selected randomly. The inventories used in this investigation are Communicative Patterns and ENRICH questionnaires. Both of these have high degrees of validity and reliability. Statistical analysis of data led to the following The highest rate of correlation exists between the mutual constructive communication pattern and marriage statisfaction among women. There was almost no relationship between the demand/ withdrawal pattern and marriage satisfaction. Moreover, the correlation between marriage satisfaction and the mutual avoidance communication pattern was found to be negative. The results of this research among men was completely similar to those of women’s group. Here too, the highest correlation existed between the mutual constructive communication pattern and marriage satisfaction. The relationship between marriage satisfaction and the pattern of demand/ withdrawal was close to zero. Finally, the correlation between the pattern of mutual avoidance and marriage satisfaction was shown to be negative.

The aim of the current study was to identify possible links between relationship belies and positive feeling to spouse in a sample of consisted of 121 couples after 2 years of their engagement. The Possessives Feeling Questionnaire and the Relation Beliefs Inventory were conducted on couples, separately. Using several multivariate regression analyses and independent t tests, it was found that “partners can not changed”, was a valid predictive of positive feeling to spouse. The“sexual perfectionism” in men was a valuable predictive for positive feeling to spouse in both males and females. In females, irrational beliefs on “the sexes are different” was valid for predicting positive feeling to spouse on both genders. Positive feeling to spouse, in females, could also be predicted by “mind reading is expected” and “disagreement is destructive”. The mean score of “disagreement is destructive” on females was significantly higher than males.

This study compares the relationship beliefs of women who are willing to divorce and those of women who want to continue their marital life. The investigation was done using 100 subjects (50 in each of the two groups) who responded to the Relationship Beliefs Inventory (RBI). The results of this study showed that there was a significant difference between the total scores on RBI (t = 2/71, p<0.008). There was also a significant difference between the two groups with regard to the specific relationship beliefs of “Partner Can not Change” and “Disagreement is Destructive” (t = 3/14, P<0.002 & t = 3/37, P<0.001, respectively). Support was not found for hypotheses predicting a significant difference in beliefs related to “Mindreading”, “Sexual Perfectionism”, and “Gender Differences”. Findings did not indicate a significant correlation between demographic characteristics of subjects and their relationship beliefs in marital life. The results support previous research findings on the important role of relationship beliefs in marital adjustment.

The present research investigates the relationship between academic achievement motivation of Isfahan highschool students and their family characteristics.The aim of the study was to determine the relative contribution of each of several family variables in explaining academic achievement motivation in 180 participants who were randomely selected among the population of families of highschool students in the city of Isfahan. Results indicated that among the family factors related to academic achievement motivation, the most important factors were parent expectation of their children’s success, authoritarian parental style, and family structure, each of which explaining %28, %26 and %16 of the variance respectively.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of teaching coping skills on reducing the anxiety of parents of children with behavior disorders. The statistical population of the study was parents of behaviorally disordered children in the city of Isfahan. Two kindergardens were randomly selected from this population. Children with behavior disorders were identified through the administration of Preschool Behavior Check List (PBCL). Cattle Anxiety Scale was administered to the parents. A sum of 32 anxious parents were randomly selected and allocoted to the experimental and control groups. During the intervention phase, the experimental group, received the coping skills training. Upon the completion of the training, the Cattle Anxiety Scale was administered as a post-test to both group of parents. Data obtained from this study was analyzed using the Covariance and Pearson Correlation procedures. The results showed that there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups after the training (P<0.01). No significant correlation was shown between the age and parental anxiety (P<=1).

Research indicates that families function in different ways. Among significant variations in families are the nature of individual and family time bocks, cultural spaces and family activities. In other words, non work family routines, activities, and entertainments are highly important. Each individual family activity cereates a cultural atmosphere which helps define the overall cultural climate of the family. The contributing factors to variations in family climate are family’s economic situation, social status, and cultural inheritance. In the present investigation, 44 families were randomly selected and interviewed from the Northern and Southern districts in the city of Tehran. Results obtained from our qualitative analysis indicated that families spend their times differently and family routines do in fact vary in families of different socio-cultural background. The economic factor however, was not shown to be a significant contributing factor in observed variations in this sample. A high degree of correlation was found among the factors of study time, family conversations, and watching of television shows wich include discussions on family health and education.

Artificial insemination means inducing pregnancy in a woman through special medical procedures without her having sexual intercourse. In this paper, the legal and religious jurisprudence issues of different aspects of artificial insemination out of uterus with a stranger’s or husband’s sperm are considered within the Islamic jurisprudence. According to the present law, artificial insemination with the husband’s sperm is considered to be a legal act. Consequently, a baby born through this method belongs to the wife and husband and is considered to be completely legitimate. Artificial insemination, in principle, does not possess the nature of a crime or religious prohibition unless an illegal action or a crime is committed through the process. In that case, only that specific action is considered illegal or crime and it has no effect on merit of the act itself. Many jurists have approved of artificial insemination and confirm the legitimacy of the baby. Experts in the legal system do not present any opposing view either.With regard to the law granting the fetus to a barren couple(1), the fetuses resulting from insemination out of uterus of legal couples, can be transferred to the uterus of a woman whose barrenness after marriage is verified through medical examination. But in the case of using stranger sperm, the legislator is silent. Therefore, by virtue of article 167 of constitutional law, it must be referred to valid religious injunction and the jurists’ judgment. Given that in the article 167 of civil code, considers adultery as the only case of exception, and given the principles of generalization and narrow interpretation, one can conclude that the cases of artificial insemination with donor’s sperms (AID) may not be considered a case of exception, and therefore, a baby’s desent from AID need to be considered legal.